Basics of Chicago Style:
Below are some common examples to get you started using the Notes-Bibliography Chicago style. Most students at Holy Cross will be using this version of Chicago style.
The Notes-Bibliography version of Chicago Style uses footnotes for in-text citations, in addition to your bibliography.
Need more help? Use the resources listed in the Chicago Citation Resources tab, or contact a librarian
Book with a single author
Footnote: Wally Carew, A Farewell to Glory: The Rise an Fall of an Epic Football Rivalry: Boston College vs. Holy Cross (Worcester, MA: Ambassador Books, 2003), 10.
Bibliography: Carew, Wally. A Farewell to Glory: The Rise an Fall of an Epic Football Rivalry: Boston College vs. Holy Cross. Worcester, MA: Ambassador Books, 2003.
Journal article from an online database
Footnote: James G. Hersberg, "The War in Afghanistan and the Iran-Contra Affair: Missing Links?" Cold War History 3, no. 3 (2003): 24.
Bibliography: Hershberg, James G. "The War in Afghanistan and the Iran-Contra Affair: Missing Links?" Cold War History 3, no. 3(2003): 23-48. doi:10.1080/14682740312331391608.
Newspaper article from an online database
Footnote: "The Titanic Disaster," The London Times, Apr 16, 1912, p. 9, London Times Digital Archive.
Bibliography: "The Titanic Disaster." The London Times, Apr 16, 1912. London Times Digital Archive.
Image from an online archive
Footnote: Timothy H. Sullivan, Group on J.J. Smith's Planation, Beaufort, S.C., 1862, photograph, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C., http://www.slaveryimages.org/s/slaveryimages/item/1367.
Bibliography: Sullivan, Timothy H. Group on J.J. Smith's Planation, Beaufort, S.C. 1862. Photograph. Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. http://www.slaveryimages.org/s/slaveryimages/item/1367.
Chicago Citation Resources:
Guide to writing and citing in Chicago Style.
citing legal & government docs
Notetaking
It's very important to keep track of your resources and findings throughout your research process. There are many ways to do this -- the most important thing is to find a process that works for you, and that allows you to share your findings with others.
Whatever your process, make sure that you find a way to:
Citation Managers (for traditional "published" sources)
Citation manager; collect, organize and format citations and footnotes in hundreds of styles. Available to current students, faculty and staff as well as alumni!
Still using the Legacy version? Please migrate as soon as possible. Ask us how!
RefWorks isn't the only option -- if you prefer, you can use one of these third-party citation managers (but note that your use of them is governed by their terms of service,, and that we have limited control/troubleshooting ability!)
Collecting Unpublished and Multimedia Sources
For "non-traditional' sources like interviews, images, social media, websites, etc. -- traditional reference tools don't always work particularly well. However, there are other tools available which are better suited for storing and organizing these types of sources. As with note-taking, there are many possibilities beyond this list -- these are just a few suggestions.
As a note: it's generally a good idea to save screenshots of web sources that may be temporary, especially social media posts, since they can be deleted, edited or taken down at any time!
Recommended:
Other Options:
And of course, you can also organize saved files in programs/apps like...