Citing in Chicago Style
CHICAGO CITATION RESOURCES:
- Chicago Manual of Style Online This link opens in a new window
Guide to writing and citing in Chicago Style.
The Chicago Manual of Style (18th ed.)Call Number: Reference Z253 .U69 2024ISBN: 9780226817972Publication Date: Sept 2024Copies in Dinand, Science and Music
For citing legal and government documents (for example, Congressional documents):
- Legal Citations (Bluebook Style)For citing legal and government documents (for example, Congressional documents).
BASICS OF CHICAGO STYLE:
If you are unsure as to how to cite a source, check with your professor or a librarian. You can also consult the resources listed on the previous tab.
Article - from an online journal
Author Lastname, Firstname. "Article Title." Journal Title volume, no. issue (date): pages [if available]. DOI, stable URL or database name.
Polizzi, Craig, Steven Jay Lynn and Andrew Perry. "Stress and Coping in the Time of COVID-19: Pathways to Resilience and Recovery." Clinical Neuropsychiatry 17, no. 2 (2020): 59-62. doi:10.36131/CN20200204.
Article - from an online newspaper/magazine
Author Lastname, Firstname [if applicable]. "Article Title." Newspaper Title, month day, year. Stable URL or database name.
Keyes, Sarah. "Will COVID-19 Lead to Men and Women Splitting Care Work More Evenly?" Washington Post, May 12, 2020. Gale OneFile.
Blog post
Author Lastname, Firstname [or screenname if unknown]. "Post Title." Blog Title (blog), Blog Source [if applicable], month day, year. URL.
Pichardo, Margaret S., Briana Christophers and Gezzer Ortega. "The COVID-19 Response Is Failing Communities of Color." Voices (blog), Scientific American, May 7, 2020. https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/voices/the-covid-19-response-is-failing-communities-of-color/.
Ebook
Author Lastname, Firstname. Book Title. Publisher, Date. E-Book Platform.
Skidmore, Max J. Presidents, Pandemics and Politics. Palgrave Macmillan, 2016. SpringerLink.
Image from a website
**Make sure you are tracking down and citing an 'original' source, not just Google Images!**
Creator Lastname, Firstname [or screenname] [if known]. "Image Title." [insert citation for the image source according to normal rules for that source type].
Cote, Edd. "UMass Memorial Medical Center on Thursday Began A Special Coronavirus Screening Process for Referred Patients at Its University Campus in Worcester." Worcester Business Journal, March 19, 2020. https://www.wbjournal.com/article/greater-worcester-projected-to-be-among-worst-nationally-for-coronavirus-hospital-bed.
Interview - published (ex., in a newspaper, podcast, etc.)
Interviewee Lastname, Firstname. "Interview Title." By InterviewerFullName. [insert citation for the interview source according to normal rules for that source type].
Dickson, Eric. "Dr. Eric Dickson, President & CEO of UMass Memorial Health Care Discusses How The System Is Faring In The Fight Against COVID-19." Spectrum News 1, April 27, 2020. https://spectrumnews1.com/ma/worcester/news/2020/04/27/dr-eric-dickson-interview.
DiMokas, Elle. "Coronavirus Positive: 'People were just going about their lives’: Teacher Elle DiMokas Recounts Contracting COVID-19 in Spain, Traveling Back to U.S." By Tom Matthews. MassLive, April 4, 2020. https://www.masslive.com/worcester/2020/04/coronavirus-positive-people-were-just-going-about-their-lives-teacher-elle-dimokas-recounts-contracting-covid-19-in-spain-traveling-back-to-us.html
Interview - unpublished (usually one you've conducted yourself, or have found in an archive)
Interviewee Lastname, Firstname (descriptive information, if appropriate). Interview by InterviewerFullName, location, month day, year. [Information for accessing a transcript and/or recording, if applicable].
Whelan, Joshua (high-school teacher). Interview by Jennifer Whelan, Plymouth, MA, July 6, 2020. Transcript, Holy Cross COVID Chronicles Collection, College of the Holy Cross Archives, Worcester, MA.
**If your interviewee prefers not to be identified: Normally, you would leave the interviewee out of any bibliography and just include a footnote saying something like:
Interview with high school teacher, July 6, 2020.
Social media post
Author Lastname, Firstname [if known]/ (Screen name). "Text of the post, up to 160 characters." Social media platform and format/medium [if applicable], month day, year, timestamp [optional]. URL.
Sommer (@sfross_12). "Such a beautiful sight, on the last day on campus before going home for the rest of the semester due to COVID-19, a rainbow arcs over the @holy_cross campus." Twitter photo, March 13, 2020, 5:35 p.m. https://twitter.com/Sfross_12/status/1238579501057167378
Collecting Research
Notetaking
It's very important to keep track of your resources and findings throughout your research process. There are many ways to do this -- the most important thing is to find a process that works for you, and that allows you to share your findings with others.
Whatever your process, make sure that you find a way to:
- Keep track of which notes (and especially quotations) came from which source;
- Note detailed directions like page numbers, where included, so that you can find the information again later; and
- Record all of the information needed to cite each source that you consult, even if you aren't sure yet whether you will use it.
Citation Managers (for traditional "published" sources)
- RefWorks This link opens in a new window
Citation manager; collect, organize and format citations and footnotes in hundreds of styles. Available to current students, faculty and staff as well as alumni!
RefWorks isn't the only option -- if you prefer, you can use one of these third-party citation managers (but note that your use of them is governed by their terms of service,, and that we have limited control/troubleshooting ability!)